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Biology Paper 1
Cell Structure
Know the key organelles and their functions.
Key Facts
- The nucleus controls the cell activities and contains genetic material.
- Mitochondria are the site of aerobic respiration.
- Ribosomes are where protein synthesis happens.
Topics Covered
Animal vs Plant Cells
What you need to know
- •Animal cells have a nucleus, cell membrane, cytoplasm, mitochondria, and ribosomes.
- •Plant cells add a cell wall, chloroplasts, and a permanent vacuole.
Exam Tips
- Always link structure to function in 2-3 mark questions.
Key Terms
Organelle
A specialised structure within a cell that carries out a specific job.
Cell membrane
Controls movement of substances in and out of the cell.
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Common Exam Questions
Explain why cells contain many mitochondria.
3 marksmediumBiology Paper 1
Model Answer
Mitochondria are the site of aerobic respiration, releasing energy. Cells with high energy demand have more mitochondria to supply the ATP needed.
What examiners want to see
- ✓Mention energy release via aerobic respiration.
- ✓Link quantity of mitochondria to energy demand.
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